DPP-4 inhibitors, also known as gliptins, are oral diabetic medications approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults. It works by blocking the action of the DPP-4 enzyme responsible for destroying the incretin hormone. The incretin hormone produces insulin whenever required and can reduce the glucose level produced by the liver when not needed.
Sulfonylureas are medicines used to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus. They help by increasing insulin release from the beta cells in the pancreas, thereby lowering the blood glucose levels. Since these medicines need functioning Beta cells, Sulfonylureas don’t work in people with type 1 diabetes.
Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are type 2 diabetes drugs that work by preventing the kidneys from reabsorbing and releasing glucose into the blood. Instead, it facilitates the kidneys to get rid of glucose through urine.
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